英语学术写作逻辑词总结

🧩 Part 1. 表达“鉴于 / 考虑到”：Given that

✅ 基本结构

Given that + 主语 + 谓语，主句…
中文含义：鉴于……，考虑到……
语气风格：正式、简洁、常用于学术写作、论文引言或背景部分

✅ 示例句

Given that resources are limited, we need to prioritize essential services.
→ 鉴于资源有限，我们需要优先保障基本服务。

Given that invasive species may not interact with local organisms initially,
a single-species model is appropriate.
→ 考虑到外来物种可能在最初不会与当地生物发生互动，使用单种群模型是合理的。

Given that he has extensive experience, he was appointed as the lead researcher.
→ 鉴于他经验丰富，他被任命为首席研究员。

✅ 用法对比（与其他表达）

表达	中文含义	语气风格
Given that	鉴于……	正式、常用
In light of the fact that	鉴于……	更正式
Considering that	考虑到……	中性、自然
Since	因为……	稍口语
As	因为……	更口语/有歧义时需避免

🔗 Part 2. 表达因果关系：Cause & Effect Connectors

✅ 常用连接词汇总

表达	中文含义	语气风格
Therefore	因此	正式，推理结论常用
Thus	因此，于是	学术常用，逻辑清晰
As a result	结果是	中性
Consequently	结果是	正式
Hence	因此	书面化、简洁
So	所以	非正式，避免用于学术
Because (of)	因为（由于）	常用
Due to / Owing to	由于	正式、适合句首
In consequence	因此	少见但严谨
In view of	鉴于，考虑到	背景引导常用

✅ 示例对比与用法说明

🔸 简单因果句型

The reaction failed because the temperature was too low.
→ 因为温度太低，反应失败了。

The temperature was too low. Therefore, the reaction failed.
→ 温度太低，因此反应失败。

Due to the low temperature, the reaction failed.
→ 由于温度过低，反应失败。

🔸 学术推荐用法

✅ Preferred in academic writing:
Therefore, Thus, Consequently, Hence, Due to, In light of
⚠️ Avoid overusing:
So, Because of in formal academic writing

✅ 易混词辨析

对比项	用法区别
Because vs. Since	`Since` 可能引起“自从”的歧义，需视上下文使用
Due to vs. Because of	`Due to` 更偏向修饰名词，`Because of` 修饰动词动作

📌 示例：

1 2	❌ The game was canceled because of the rain. （口语化） ✅ The cancellation was due to rain. （正式）

✅ by leveraging 更学术的替代表达（含义相近）

With the aid of…（在……的帮助下）
Making use of…（使用……）
Employing…（采用……）
Utilizing…（利用……）